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Adoption and Foster Care – How Social Workers Help

Introduction

Here are two articles on how social workers help in the adoption and foster care arenas.   The first is a general description of how social workers assist adoptive and foster care parents.    The second is a first-person narrative of a social worker based in Washington, DC who works in the foster care system.

Adoption and Foster Care Real Life Story – Foreign Adoptees Yearn for Ties That Bind


Kristin Tu and her daughter Jazmin.
Photo:  Craig Abraham


Australian Adoptee Searches for Her Vietnamese Birth Parents
Kirsti Tu was the first Vietnamese baby approved for adoption in Australia. She has no memory of her first 13 months as an orphan. She grew up in a loving family in Glen Waverley. Yet, as she entered adulthood, she always wondered about her heritage.

While studying nursing at university, Ms Tu, 33, did night courses in the Vietnamese language and immersed herself in the ethnic culture of Footscray.


“I looked Asian and I wanted to know more about that side of me,” she said.


She completed her quest four years ago when she went to Ho Chi Minh City – formerly Saigon – to search for her biological parents.


Her story resonates with those of many children adopted from overseas. If they lack information about their family history, these individuals can be plagued by anxiety and low self-esteem.


Some may even turn to drugs and alcohol for solace, a seminar was told yesterday.



A Lack of Identity
Social worker Lynette Toohey, from the International Social Service group, said many children who did not know their family history lacked confidence.


“Many people identified a sense of being different, of being alien, of something missing, just realising they’re not complete,” she said.


The feeling of lacking an identity can affect an adoptee’s relationships and work performance, Ms Toohey said.


The number of Australians adopting children from overseas has steadily grown since the first arrived in 1974.


In 2003-04, Australians adopted 370 children from overseas.


Last year, International Social Service handled 394 cases of Australians trying to trace their families in more than 50 countries.


The country from which most children come is Britain, followed by Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia and Korea.


In one case, it took 12 years to find a woman’s relative in Thailand.



Finding Their Roots
Social worker Anjali Prabhu said many people started searching for their families in their 20s.


“A trigger is often when people are having their own children,” she said.


“In most situations, every person has an intense need to know their roots. It does make a difference.”


While some want to know their medical history, many people express a desire to know who they look like.


Simply returning to their country of birth could also be beneficial, Ms Prabhu said. “(It’s) just going to a country and seeing thousands of people who look like you,” she said.


Most people are overwhelmed when they are able to locate their families but reunions do not always meet expectations.


Ms Tu, a mother herself, found no trace of her natural family during a month-long search. But she did come back with something valuable.


“I saw a lot of poverty over there and I realised I was really lucky. You can’t miss something you never had,” she said.

Reprinted with permission from The Times-Picayune.

About Adoption and Foster Care

Introduction
Adoption
Finding Assistance
Foster Care
Foster Parenting

Introduction

Transferring children from birth parents to foster families and adoptive individuals or families is a complex process, involving social services, the legal system, and state mandates. Foster and adoptive parents will need to rely on professionals for advice and guidance. Social workers are invaluable in helping them navigate this process, thereby giving children a second chance at a happy life.

Adoption

Couples and individuals who decide to adopt an infant or child have several options to choose from. Although private agency and relative adoptions were once the most common means to adopt a child, today public agency and inter-country adoptions account for more than half of the 127,000 children adopted in the United States each year. More than 40 percent of adoptions were arranged through publicly funded child welfare agencies in 2001, according to the U.S. Administration for Children and Families, National Adoption Information Clearinghouse (NAIC).

When deciding where to adopt a child, prospective parents must consider their ideal age of the child, the amount of contact they want with the birth parents, the nationality, race, and other characteristics of the child, adoption fees, and the waiting period prior to adoption. NAIC offers useful guidelines for prospective adoptive parents.

Finding Assistance

  • Adoption subsidies are available to help offset the high costs of adoption and child rearing. Depending on state mandates, they may include:
  • Federal and state adoption tax credits
  • Federal and state adoption subsidies for children with special needs
  • Reimbursement for adoption expenses for foster children adopted from the public child welfare system
  • Employer benefits for adoption expenses
  • Adoption loans and grants from various agencies. The National Adoption Foundation offers information on adoption grants and loans.

Other services available to adoptive parents include parenting classes, adoption support groups, and respite care. Social workers can assist by working with families to identify needs and find community resources. Adoptive parents of children with special needs will greatly benefit by contacting a social worker for emotional support, parenting education, and information about the many programs and supports available in their community.

Foster Care

When parents are no longer capable of caring for their own children, the child welfare system steps in. The children may be removed from their home and temporarily placed in foster care. Foster care is designed to provide a stable, safe, and nurturing environment for children of families in crisis.

Children are placed in foster care when it is proven that they have been abandoned, abused, or neglected, due to parental problems such as alcohol or drug abuse, incarceration, or physical or mental illness. Youth in foster care often have special emotional, developmental, and health needs as a result of their abuse or neglect.

Foster Parenting

Foster parents open their home to children and commit to providing protection, guidance, and nurturing for children who have entered the foster care system but who are not in their custody. The process of becoming foster parents typically occurs after foster parents complete a home assessment process and attend training. They must demonstrate that they are responsible and financially and emotionally stable.

Foster parents receive a monthly reimbursement that varies in amount by state to help offset the costs of food, clothing, and other necessities. Medical care and counseling services are provided for children at no charge to foster parents.

There are many highly trained social workers are available to help prospective adoptive and foster care parents through the complicated process of adoption.

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